APA ITU HATTUSHA?

Sembunyi di bukit-bukit yang tenang dekat Boğazkale di Anatolia Tengah, Hattusha pernah menjadi ibu kota yang kuat dari Kekaisaran Hittite. Kota kuno yang misterius ini berfungsi sebagai pusat administratif dan agama dari salah satu peradaban paling kuat di Timur Dekat kuno, yang menyaingi Mesir dan Babilon selama Zaman Perunggu Akhir.

Berawal dari abad ke-17 SM, Hattusha adalah rumah bagi kuil-kuil megah, istana kerajaan, gerbang kota yang kuat, dan penduduk yang memahami ilmu perencanaan kota jauh sebelum banyak orang lain.

SEJARAH PERJALANAN

Orang Hittite adalah orang pertama di Anatolia yang membentuk negara yang terorganisir dengan baik dan sistem hukum. Kekaisaran mereka membentang dari barat Turki hingga Suriah dan Irak Utara, dan mereka adalah salah satu dari sedikit peradaban yang menandatangani perjanjian perdamaian dengan Mesir kuno — Perjanjian Kadesh yang terkenal.

Hattusha berfungsi sebagai jantung mereka. Walaupun ditinggalkan sekitar 1200 SM karena invasi dan penurunan alami, reruntuhan itu tetap tersembunyi hingga ditemukan kembali pada awal abad ke-20. Pada tahun 1986, Hattusha ditambahkan ke Daftar Warisan Dunia UNESCO, mempertahankan pentingannya secara global.

APA YANG DAPAT DILIHAT DI HATTUSHA

Mengunjungi Hattusha seperti berjalan melalui museum terbuka. Di antara fitur yang paling menarik adalah:

  • The Lion Gate: Dua patung singa besar menjaga pintu masuk kota. Patung-patung ini dimaksudkan untuk melindungi kota dari roh jahat.
  • The King’s Gate: Dihiasi dengan relief seorang raja pejuang, gerbang ini melambangkan kekuatan dan kekuasaan.
  • The Great Temple: Pusat spiritual Hattusha, didedikasikan untuk Dewa Badai dan Dewi Matahari.
  • Yerkapı and the Sphinx Gate: Terowongan buatan di bawah tanggul besar, dengan patung sphinx yang megah.
  • Büyükkale (the Upper City): Akropolis kerajaan bekas yang dipenuhi sisa-sisa istana dan bangunan administratif.

YAZILIKAYA – SUAKA BATU

Hanya beberapa kilometer dari Hattusha adalah Yazılıkaya, suaka batu terbuka di mana orang Hittite mengukir dewa-dewa mereka ke dinding batu. Relief bas-relief yang megah dari dewa-dewa, dewi-dewi, dan hewan suci masih berdiri tegak setelah lebih dari 3.000 tahun.

Yazılıkaya terutama dikenal karena dua galerinya: Galeri A, di mana dewa-dewa pantheon Hittite diukir dalam prosesi, dan Galeri B, yang diyakini digunakan untuk ritual kerajaan atau spiritual.

FAKTA MENARIK TENTANG HATTUSHA

  • Kota ini dilindungi oleh dinding pertahanan sepanjang lebih dari 6 kilometer.
  • Ribuan tablet paku ditemukan di arsipnya.
  • Orang Hittite menandatangani perjanjian perdamaian pertama yang diketahui dalam sejarah.
  • Hattusha ditemukan kembali oleh arkeolog Jerman Hugo Winckler pada tahun 1906.
  • Orang Hittite menyembah lebih dari 1.000 dewa.

BAGAIMANA CARA MENGUNJUNGI HATTUSHA

Hattusha terletak dekat Boğazkale, sekitar 210 km ke timur Ankara. Walaupun mungkin untuk berkendara sendiri, pengalaman terbaik datang dengan pemandu pribadi yang menghidupkan reruntuhan tersebut.

Pengunjung sering menggabungkan Hattusha dengan Yazılıkaya dalam tur setengah hari atau sehari penuh. Jalan setapak bisa ditempuh tapi termasuk medan menanjak, jadi sepatu nyaman direkomendasikan.

MENGAPA HATTUSHA HARUS MASUK DAFTAR WISATA ANDA

Hattusha bukan hanya tempat untuk pecinta sejarah — ini adalah perjalanan ke jantung kekaisaran yang pernah kuat. Terpencil dari jalur utama dan kaya akan keajaiban kuno, ia menawarkan pengalaman budaya yang tak terlupakan.

Di Turkey Tour Organizer, kami merancang tur khusus ke tempat-tempat seperti Hattusha, Cappadocia, dan lainnya. Biarkan kami membantu Anda melangkah kembali ke masa lalu dan menjelajahi harta karun tersembunyi paling luar biasa di Turki.

Erkan Dülger

Erkan Dulger, a seasoned expert in the travel and tourism sector, has devoted more than 17 years of his life to planning wonderful journeys for people all over the world. Erkan has made a great career as a travel consultant and prosperous business owner. He was born with a deep enthusiasm for exploration and a desire to introduce people to beautiful places.

Erkan traveled to the United States in search of knowledge and practical experience, where he spent four years honing his craft while working at various hotels. He was able to better comprehend the complexities of the travel industry as well as the various demands and expectations of travelers thanks to this priceless experience.

Erkan had always dreamed of starting his own travel business, one that would reflect his passion for crafting extraordinary travel experiences. Erkan founded his own travel company in 2015 after realizing his dream via intense determination and strong faith in his abilities.

Frequently Asked Questions

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